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When planning a construction project—whether it’s a house, a commercial space, or a renovation—one of the first questions that arises is: How much will it cost? Many people associate a construction budget solely with materials and labor. Still, the reality is that the total cost includes several additional expenses that are not always evident from the beginning. Overlooking these aspects can lead to surprises and a significant increase in the final project cost.
In this article, we will explain the essential factors involved in the construction process and budget planning.
1. Permits and Legal Procedures
Before construction begins, it is necessary to meet various legal requirements, including:
Municipal permits: These depend on the type and location of the project, but you will always need construction permits issued by the corresponding municipality.
Approvals from institutions: In Costa Rica, approvals may be required from entities such as the Colegio Federado de Ingenieros y de Arquitectos (CFIA) and utility providers for water and electricity.
Taxes and fees: These costs vary depending on the project but are essential to avoid penalties or delays.
2. Design and Plans
Architectural, structural, electrical, and plumbing plans are essential to ensure that the project complies with current regulations and is both functional and safe. Hiring an architect or engineer for this work is a worthwhile initial investment, as a well-thought-out design can optimize resources and prevent future problems.
3. Preliminary Studies
Every construction project requires specific studies before starting:
Soil studies: To determine the land’s capacity and define the necessary foundations.
Topographic surveys: Essential to understand the characteristics of the terrain.
4. Insurance and Guarantees
Any construction project must have insurance to protect both the project itself and the workers. These include:
Work risk insurance: Mandatory for any project with hired personnel.
Liability insurance: To cover damages to third parties during construction.
5. Indirect Costs
These expenses are not always perceived as part of the budget but are unavoidable:
Transportation: Includes the movement of materials, tools, and personnel to the construction site.
Material storage: If you cannot store materials at the construction site, you may need to rent additional space.
Project supervision: Having qualified technical personnel to oversee and manage the project ensures that timelines, costs, and quality standards are met.
Unexpected expenses: It is advisable to allocate an extra percentage (typically between 5% and 10%) to cover unforeseen costs.
6. Final Details
Do not forget to account for finishing touches and other details that are often left for last but significantly impact the total cost:
Painting, flooring, and coatings
Electrical and plumbing installations
Furniture and accessories, if the project includes habitable or commercial spaces
Conclusion
A construction budget is much more than a simple list of materials and labor. It is a tool that should reflect all aspects of the project, from initial permits to final finishes. By considering all these elements from the start, you will avoid surprises and have a more realistic view of the total cost, allowing you to plan your investment more effectively.
At GRUPO ACA, we have a team of experienced professionals and associates who can help you define a budget for your construction project and ensure that it stays on track and within budget, avoiding unnecessary setbacks.
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